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Ling Zhang

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August 31

有朋自远方来

 

College friend Ying came to visit, from Chicago, with her boyfriend. Met them in Mountain View caltrain station. Both of us have lost some weight. We were relatively plump ten years ago. With the dropped weight, we can be regarded as comparatively skinny, in the country full of over-nurtured and over-weighted people.

 

They will go back to Shenyang, and resume their normal life, after one-year program at UIC, after traveling and experiencing, immersing themselves in a different country and distinct culture. They will be promising government officials, I guess. They are still honest and warm-hearted persons, fortunately.

 

They visited Golden Gate Bridge and Lombard Street, Chinatown and Union Square; they took a nap on a bench on Stanford Campus; they are on their way to Carmel and 17 miles beach.

 

We enjoyed authentic Chinese food in a restaurant specializing Northeastern dishes; we tasted fresh salmon and boiled mussels at home; we recollected bitter-sweet stories which gnawed our youth.

 

My roommates used to jokingly call me “holy corpse”, when I slept lying on back, on the white bed sheet, covered by the white quilt, crossing my hands over the chest, with peaceful pale face...I jokingly bought it.

 

All sound like a distant dream.  

August 14

La Notte

 
 Valentina says: "When I try to communicate, love disappears." 
 
 Lidia says: "I feel the weight of years, in vain.'
 
 From Michelangelo Antonioni's "La Notte".
 
 When I try to explain an Antonionian film, the words disappear ...
February 09

Letter from Peter (3)

Dear Zhang Ling, 
 
    ......
Actually, I did write one long article about the Tibet issue, which might be of interest to you (although I'm sure it couldn't be published in the PRC).  Unfortunately I don't have a file, but you can find it on-line. The story is called "Tibet Through Chinese Eyes" and it was published in the Atlantic Monthly in February of 1999. This was very early in my writing
career ­ actually, it was my first significant publication.  After finishing my job in Fuling, and leaving the Peace Corps, I traveled to Tibet before returning to America.  I spent a month there and researched this story for the Atlantic.  It's not particularly well-written and the pieces that I subsequently wrote for the New Yorker are much better, as far as the writing goes.  But this story was well researched and I believe the ideas are still solid.  At that time, (and even nowadays) there were basically no foreign journalists who tried to examine the issue from the Chinese point of view.
That was my goal; I felt like Americans should have an idea why Tibet means so much to China.

     Of course, this is an awful issue.  No matter what you write, somebody is going to be furious, and this article probably wasn't satisfying to either side.  But it particularly infuriated the pro-Tibet lobby in the US. There were critical letters and when I appeared on a radio show people called in to attack me.  I was very young; my first book had not yet been published, and the experience was very traumatic.  There was a period when I wished that I had not touched the subject.  But as time passes, I'm somewhat proud of the story, because I tried to look at this topic from a different point of view.  Whether or not I was successful, it was a good project.

     Certainly, it left me with a lasting dislike of the pro-Tibet lobby in the States.  These are people who simply want to feel good about themselves. Also, if they spent any time trying to understand the issue, they would realize that the reason the Chinese care about Tibet is tied up with the disintegration of the country in the 19th and 20th centuries.  People in China are traumatized by the sense that foreigners want to divide their land.  So when an American criticizes the Chinese presence in Tibet, he is doing exactly what the Chinese hate the most, and it will only make the Chinese more stubborn.  This is why the US has never played a productive role in this issue.  One thing that I particularly hate is when they lie about the facts.  The Chinese government does this, but it doesn't mean that the pro-Tibet lobby should do the same.  For example, they often claim that the Chinese are in Tibet to profit from the resources.  Tibet is a very poor area and the Chinese will never profit from it; economically, it's a loser for the country.  (This is different from Xinjiang, which has more accessible resources.)  And it gives the Americans a false sense that it's a simple issue.  If the Chinese were in Tibet for economic reasons, then somebody could give them a bunch of money and they'd be happy to leave.  But the Chinese would never do that.  It's not an economic issue, fundamentally.

     My politics on Tibet, like the Xinjiang issue, are somewhat complicated.  During my book tour for Oracle Bones, this issue came up and I said that Tibet and Xinjiang would never be independent.  A pro-Tibet woman in the audience became very angry.  But I explained that I'm only being realistic ­ these places have been part of China for a long time now, and the political and economic reality is entrenched.  And there is no way that another country can force China to give these places up.  Certainly, from a cultural point of view, and from many different historical perspectives, these are places that can make a very good case for independence.  But moral rightness is not as important as the practical reality.  The Dalai Lama's big mistake was that for years he made the moral case without doing the pragmatic work, ie learning to deal with the Chinese.  Now he has shifted but the Chinese have no more patience with him.

     Obviously, the Chinese should adjust their policies. I think they should limit the migration of Han Chinese, and they should be more sensitive about religious issues in both places.  It's very striking when you visit and realize that virtually no Han Chinese speak the local language.  It's similar to visiting the American embassy in Iraq, which has almost no Arabic speakers.  How can you treat people well if you don't speak their language?

     In the end, I found this issue sad from both sides.  Most of the Chinese I met in Tibet didn't really want to be there.  And at some level the Chinese have become victims of their own propaganda.  During the Qing, they wanted Tibet to be part of China strictly for practical and military reasons.  They didn't want Tibet to be chaotic, causing trouble on the borders, so they maintained a military presence.  But they did not encourage migration and they accepted the fact that Tibetan culture was quite different from Chinese.  By the end of the 20th century, though, the reasons for Tibet had become more ideological than practical.  The Chinese connected it with the Opium War and the Taiwan issue and Xinjiang and the Japanese in Dongbei and all the other bad things that happened from foreigners.  In fact each is a separate issue and deserves to be viewed on its own terms.  But the Chinese government developed an over-simplified worldview that linked all of these issues.  As a result they've been less effective in places like Tibet and Xinjiang than if they had taken a clearer view of the culture and the history.

     I haven't written about Tibet since, largely because as a journalist I can't go there without approval.  I was able to spend a month there after the Peace Corps because nobody knew I was a writer.  But now I'm accredited and I would have to apply with the Foreign Ministry, and people would follow me around.  I don't want to deal with it.  And I have good friends there and don't want to cause them trouble.
 
    ......

    All the best ­

Pete
February 08

Letter from Peter--About his new book "Oracle Bones" (2)

   
Yes, I reviewed that very useful Cultural Revolution website when
researching the book.  Some of the details didn't quite match with what I
heard later from others -- although the story was never quite the same
twice.  There was confusion about how many suicide attempts, and exactly how
it happened; I've read a number of Chinese reports that say that Zhao Luorui
was there when Chen killed himself.  But I'm quite certain she was not and
that Chen was being watched by the younger scholars from the kaoguxue
(including Old Yang who I interviewed).
     Polat has a very dark view of the world, much darker than I would ever
have.  But I think it's quite different for somebody from an ethnic group
like the Uighurs.  They've really never had any place in the world, any
control over their fate.  When you think about how much the Chinese were
traumatized by the Opium War, it's minor in comparison -- Chinese have had
some degree of control over their government, language, history, religion,
etc for most of the past.  And Americans were horribly traumatized by 9/11,
responding in very stupid ways from which they are only now starting to
recover their senses -- and that is really a very minor event compared to
what other cultures have experience.  And groups like the Uighurs have never
had any sort of moment at all.  They began to gain national consciousness
during the early 20th century, and by then it was too late.  It only makes
them bitter.
     I suspect that people like that are susceptible to all sorts of radical
ideas.  Polat was not like that; he is not a violent person and he is
actually quite honest, despite his twisted path.  But he'll always feel
resentment for the Chinese.  I don't think it's right, but it's important to
understand why that feeling is there.
     It's similar to the Chinese in Tibet.  Americans always try to take a
logical approach to that issue, explaining that the Chinese don't have a
strong historical claim, and they don't need Tibet, etc etc.  Same with
Taiwan.  But that's really not the issue.  It's important to understand why
the Chinese have grown to care about these places, and what these places
mean to the Chinese.  The logic isn't as important as the emotional reasons.
If history treats people in unexpected and illogical ways, then they will
probably respond in turn.  The day 9/11 happened, I was certain that the
U.S. would respond with some kind of massive mistake.  I didn't have faith
in the country's international sense, but I also believed that traumatized
countries tend to behave badly.
     I'll try to attach some articles here --

Pete
       

Letter from Peter --about "Oracle Bones"(1)

Dear Zhang Ling ­

   Thanks for the note.  I received the Duku books and I have been trying to send the editor some files of articles and stories, but the Internet connection is so bad that it is a problem.  All of my notes have been sent back.  I suppose you probably heard that there was an earthquake in Taiwan and that the cables are down.  They still haven't fixed it very annoying. I'll keep trying.  Do you want me to send the files to you as well?

    I'm glad to hear that you were interested in Chen Mengjia's story.  To be honest, one of my main reasons for writing about him was because I figured that some Chinese would read the story and become interested.  I only scraped the surface; my book describes a certain search for Chen Mengjia, but there is a real need for a more thorough book, researched by a Chinese person.  And I've always hoped that somebody would do this before the older people pass on.

    I have heard a lot about Li Xueqin's reputation, which was the reason I approached him in the way I did. Actually, a number of foreign reviewers criticized me for the way I interviewed him and wrote about him. Jonathan Spence, the Yale historian, gave my book a very positive review in the New York Times, but he didn't like the part about Li Xueqin ­ he described it as "moralistic posturing." I don't think that section is unfair, or particularly moralistic; I am honest about the fact that I basically tricked Li Xueqin into that interview.  I didn't tell him what I was really interested in (Chen's story), and in some ways that's not fair.  If anything, the section reflects a certain amoralism that is not uncommon in China today.  Each of the main characters ­ Polat, Willy, Emily, even me ­at some point does something that is illegal or wrong. It has a lot to do with the current environment, I believe, and each person needs to be understood within that context.  The section on Li Xueqin ends with the sense that I can't really understand him, or judge him, because I won't ever
have that context ­ I don't really know what happened during the 50's and 60's.
 
      ......

       At any rate, I'm currently working hard on the next book, which is different from the first two. Together they will be a set of three books that cover the decade from '96 (when I arrived in Fuling) to '06. Each has its own approach and range of interest.  River Town is concerned with geography, and Oracle Bones looks at history. The new book will look at
economics.  But each of these topics is viewed through individual stories, not the big-picture stuff that we often see about China.
 
     .....

    All the best ­

Peter
July 21

An Inconvenient Truth

Another sweltering day as usual, in July.
 
I live on the third floor, the top floor, almost can feel the torrid noonday sun is scorching the roof. The heat is kind of unusual for the summer in California partly due to global warming.
 
The rapacious and insatiable human beings are exploiting and destroying nature, namely the space which we rely on. We are reaping what we have sown. But when someone stopped me in the street and asked: Do you want to do somthing for the global warming?
 
What can I do? I am neither scentist nor politician/businessman, I just can donate one dollar or save energy as possible as I can. I don't use air-conditioner or electric fan at home, don't trust washing machine either, enjoy larger car but not a big fan of SUV...Probably I am an example of self-torture--think too much to enjoy pleasure and comfort.
 
Having been here for almost four years, still cannot understand why the Americans like to turn all public buildings into ice house, library, post office, shopping mall,food market, etc. Is it too difficult to keep a modest terperature?
 
The Korean guy next door is moving out. His "Moving Sale" poster appeared on the wall of the lobby of the apartment building last week. I will be next to move, and will face that attractive ice house--Mountain View Public Library.
May 09

An assiduous Student? Non...

I have French class in the afternoon and dancing lesson in the evening each Monday.
 
Gradually feel comfortable with speaking French, though the accent is still a little strange--French with an English accent which comes with a Chinese accent...have made progress in reading, since some French words seem similar to the English words, just the pronunciation varies. Certainly, the grammar is much more complicated than that of English.
 
I made a joke about the difference between English and French pronunciations--If regarding English as Mandarin, the English-speaking people pronounce French sounds like the people from the Northwestern China speak Mandarin, adding a snuffle to lots of vowels...
 
As for the dancing class, it leaves my whole body sour for the rest of the week. The teacher has a fabulous belly--there is a baby inside, a girl? a boy? I do not know the answer.
April 26

Dream

I met Xiu last night, in my dreamland.
 
Xiu is my close friend, also a hypersentimental dreamer, like me. Our intimate and sincere friendship persists almost ten years. When first met, both of us were attending the same university, poor and pure, plump and young, loved soft folk songs, poetry, flower and writing...
 
We occasionally sat on a windowsill of the second floor of our old Russian-style dormitory, at midnights during midsummer, talking about our dreams. Some of them come true today, some not, and others, I forgot.
 
She is a screenwriter now, lives in a two-bedroom apartment which is close to our Alma Mater, Beijing Film Academy. Between the two locations, there are a stinking river, a small stone bridge over it, four tumultuous roads and two pedestrian overpasses. Which make the
journey much longer than it naturally is, and sometimes make people too lazy to trudge through it, for watching a film, or meeting a filmmaker...
 
In my dream, Xiu brought me a bowl of porridge. I gulp it down, without leaving any for her. When I realized this, got blush and guilty, and promised to make compensation for the inappropriate behavior...an extremely funny and ridiculous dream.
 
Suddenly, I am aware that the detail is inspired by a Cuban film "Viva Cuba" which I saw yesterday. The girl and the boy, both were exhausted, thirsty and starving. They argued and broke up their friendship, then the girl found biscuits in a tent and devoured for herself...Certainly it is a mediocre educational film for children, unexpectedly, it also brings out old friendship from my old memory...
April 06

Donkey Skin

Saw Jacques Demy's film "Donkey Skin" (Peau d'âne,1970). It might be his best film--it is a pity that I haven't seen his first long feature film 'Lola' and the musical 'The Young Girls of Rochefort', but "Donkey Skin" is certainly much more impressive than "Bay of the Angels" and "The Umbrellas of Cherbourg".
 
Demy is masterful in deploying colors, and "Donkey Skin" was based on a fairy tale of 17th century instead of melodrama. It also reminds me of Jean Cocteau's "Beauty and the Beast", the similar way of subtlety and magic.
 
There are many interesting themes being discussed, such as taboo of incest, infantile desire, Oedipus complex, modernity (battery,helicopter), male gaze, female awareness of being-looked-at, mirror stage, feminine strategy, sexuality and desexuality...
 
I am not a big Catherine Deneuve fan. She is not vulnerable enough for a femme fatale. Emmanuelle Béart is more enchanting, both pure and seductive.
 
Jean Marais played the King in the film, just because Demy loved and admired Jean Cocteau and paid homage to him, and, Marais is Cocteau's dearest lover.
 
Jacques Perrin was a handsome and sweet guy, representing "masculine ideal" in the film--"an imaginary person who's part of the collective imagination". Unfortunately, he spent most time in TV episodes.
March 24

Friday Night

Watched two old Hollywood films with Minliang, in Stanford Theater, University Avenue, Palo Alto.
 
One was "Song of the Thin Man" (1947), directed by Edward Buzzell and performed by William Powell and Myrna Loy. I haven't seen other "Thin Man" films, but this one was a little chaotic and contrived. While I do like that cute dog.
 
The other was the musical "Swing Time" (1936), directed by Geoge Stevens and gracefully performed by Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers. It is composed by a naive love story with predictive happy ending and brilliant dancing scenes. Anyway, It didn't lack sense of humor. Fred Astaire was so elegant (I like him more than Gene Kelly). The stage design and lighting is also remarkable. At the end of each dancing scene, I heard a storm of applause.
 
It rained outside. Neon lights reflected on the wet street and made obscure and dreamlike images. It reminded me a lot of movies and kind of unspeakable feelings.
 
Crossing the street, we went into a Turkish restaurant and had some kebab wraper and Greece salad.
 
May 28  
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